A Don José!

Alfredo Zitarrosa's 'A Don José!' is a song that pays homage to a revered figure in Uruguayan history, likely José Gervasio Artigas, who is considered the father of Uruguayan nationhood. The lyrics evoke a sense of camaraderie and respect among the 'paisanos' (countrymen) who refer to this figure as 'Mi general,' highlighting his leadership and the loyalty he inspires. The repetition of phrases such as 'Los paisanos le dicen' and 'Y hasta las piedras saben' emphasizes the widespread recognition and deep-rooted respect for Don José's legacy.

The phrase 'Con libertad, ni ofendo ni temo' translates to 'With liberty, I neither offend nor fear,' which is a powerful statement of Artigas' philosophy and a reflection of his commitment to freedom and justice. The song's refrain, 'Oriental en la vida y en la muerte también,' refers to Artigas' identity as an 'Oriental,' a term used for the people of the Banda Oriental, the historical name for Uruguay and parts of Brazil and Argentina. This line underscores the enduring influence of Artigas' ideals, even beyond his death.

The mention of 'indios' and 'morenos' forming an 'escuadrón' (squadron) and the rallying cry 'Si la patria me llama, aquí estoy yo!' (If the homeland calls me, here I am!) evoke the spirit of unity and readiness to defend the nation. Zitarrosa's song is not just a tribute to a historical figure but also a call to remember and live by the values of courage, liberty, and national identity that Don José embodied. The song's folkloric melody and Zitarrosa's emotive delivery further enhance the sense of nostalgia and patriotic fervor.