Agua, Azucarillos y Aguardiente

Federico Chueca's zarzuela, 'Agua, Azucarillos y Aguardiente,' offers a vivid portrayal of the daily lives and struggles of nannies and wet nurses in 19th century Madrid. The lyrics paint a picture of a bustling, vibrant city where these women navigate their duties amidst the social dynamics of the time. The song opens with children playing and the nannies discussing their responsibilities, highlighting the contrast between the carefree nature of the children and the burdens carried by their caretakers.

The lyrics delve into the social hierarchy and the expectations placed on these women. The nannies and wet nurses are tasked with taking the children to Recoletos, a popular promenade in Madrid, to enjoy the fresh air. However, their duties are not just limited to childcare; they are also expected to adhere to the whims of their employers, often at the expense of their own well-being. The song captures the frustration and longing of these women, who dream of returning to their own homes and loved ones.

Chueca's composition also touches on the social commentary of the time, subtly criticizing the upper class's reliance on these women while simultaneously looking down on them. The nannies and wet nurses are depicted as essential yet undervalued members of society, highlighting the disparity between their importance and their treatment. The recurring theme of longing for freedom and a better life resonates throughout the song, making it a poignant reflection on the social issues of the era.