Zamba de Las Tolderías

The song 'Zamba de Las Tolderías' by Quilapayún is a poignant reflection on the cultural heritage and historical struggles of indigenous peoples in Latin America, particularly in the context of Argentina. Quilapayún, a folk group from Chile known for their political and protest music, often incorporates themes of social justice and historical reflection into their work, and this song is no exception.

The lyrics evoke a deep sense of sadness and nostalgia rooted in the traditions of the indigenous communities. The 'zamba' mentioned in the song is a traditional dance and music genre from Argentina, often associated with romantic themes, but here it is used to convey a narrative of loss and resistance. The 'toldo' refers to the indigenous dwellings, and the song carries the weight of a history marked by conflict, as suggested by references to 'ranchería incendiada' (burned settlements) and 'mujeres robadas' (stolen women). These lines speak to the violent incursions, known as 'malones,' carried out by indigenous peoples against colonial settlements, as well as the reverse, where indigenous communities were often the victims of violence and displacement.

The song's narrator identifies with the land and the struggles of the gaucho, a symbol of Argentine national identity, often romanticized for their freedom and connection to the land. The 'sonoridad de clarines' (sound of bugles) and 'estrundo de los malones' (uproar of the raids) reflect the tumultuous history that has shaped the identity and memory of the land and its people. The zamba, therefore, becomes a vessel for conveying the collective memory of a people who have endured suffering and marginalization, yet continue to assert their presence and cultural identity through music and dance.